Posts Tagged ‘Credit Cards’

Top 5 Reasons Why People Go Bankrupt

Wednesday, March 24th, 2010

by Mark P. Cussen
Monday, March 22, 2010

The bankruptcy statistics in America are alarming. The past few decades have seen a dramatic rise in the number of people that are unable to pay off their debts, and Congress has recently addressed the issue with legislation that makes it harder to qualify for this status. Following is a list of the most common causes of bankruptcy in America today.

1. Medical Expenses

A study done at Harvard University indicates that this is the biggest cause of bankruptcy, representing 62% of all personal bankruptcies. One of the interesting caveats of this study shows that 78% of filers had some form of health insurance, thus bucking the myth that medical bills affect only the uninsured.

Rare or serious diseases or injuries can easily result in hundreds of thousands of dollars in medical bills - bills that can quickly wipe out savings and retirement accounts, college education funds and home equity. Once these have been exhausted, bankruptcy may be the only shelter left, regardless of whether the patient or his or her family was able to apply health coverage to a portion of the bill or not

2. Job Loss

Whether due to layoff, termination or resignation, the loss of income from a job can be equally devastating. Some are lucky enough to receive severance packages, but many find pink slips on their desks or lockers with little or no prior notice. Not having an emergency fund to draw from only worsens this situation, and using credit cards to pay bills can be disastrous.

The loss of insurance coverage and the cost of COBRA insurance also drain the job seeker’s already limited resources. Those who are unable to find similar gainful employment for an extended period of time may not be able to recover from the lack of income in time to keep the creditors at bay.

3. Poor/Excess Use of Credit

Some people simply can’t control their spending. Credit card bills, installment debt, car and other loan payments can eventually spiral out of control, until finally the borrower is unable to make even the minimum payment on each type of debt. If the borrower cannot access funds from friends or family or otherwise obtain a debt-consolidation loan, then bankruptcy is usually the inevitable alternative.

Statistics indicate that most debt-consolidation plans fail for various reasons, and usually only delay filing for most participants. Although home-equity loans can be a good remedy for unsecured debt in some cases, once it is exhausted, irresponsible borrowers can face foreclosure on their homes if they are unable to make this payment as well.

4. Divorce/Separation

Marital dissolutions create tremendous financial strain on both partners in several ways. First come the legal fees, which can be astronomical in some cases, followed by a division of marital assets, decree of child support and/or alimony, and finally the ongoing cost of keeping up two separate households after the split. The legal costs alone are enough to force some to file, while wage garnishments to cover back child support or alimony can strip others of the ability to pay the rest of their bills. Spouses who fail to pay the support dictated in the agreement often leave the other completely destitute.

5. Unexpected Expenses

Loss of property due to theft or casualty, such as earthquakes, floods or tornadoes for which the owner is not insured can force some into bankruptcy. Many homeowners are likely unaware that they must take out separate coverage for certain events such as earthquakes. Those who do not have coverage for this type of peril can face the loss of not only their homes but most or all of their possessions as well. Not only must they then pay to replace these items, but they must also find immediate food and shelter in the meantime. Furthermore, those who lose their wardrobes in such a catastrophe may not be able to dress appropriately for their work, which could cost them their jobs.

The Bottom Line

There are many reasons why taxpayers are forced-or choose-to declare bankruptcy. But many times, common sense, sound financial planning and preparation for the future can head off this problem before it becomes inevitable. Those who are contemplating this possibility should seek a credit counselor or financial planner before choosing this alternative.

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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FICO Reveals How Common Credit Mistakes Affect Scores

Monday, November 30th, 2009

by Jeremy M. Simon
Sunday, November 29, 2009

Disclosed for the 1st time, ‘damage points’ taken off for late payments

Borrowers already knew that late payments hurt their credit scores, but for the first time, they now know the extent of that damage.

Did you max out your credit card? Expect a credit score drop of 10 to 45 points. Declare bankruptcy? Your score will plummet by up to 240 points, and your odds of getting credit will nosedive with it.

The “damage points” data, unveiled recently by FICO, are part of the most revealing glimpse into the firm’s once-secret — and still mysterious — credit scoring model. The new information discloses how many points borrowers’ scores will drop when they make the most-common mistakes.

‘Help People Understand’ Scores

“I hope this information will help people to better understand FICO scores and the value for them of avoiding credit missteps. It illustrates key points such as the higher your score, the farther it can fall if you stumble,” says FICO spokesman Craig Watts. “Getting and maintaining a good score isn’t complicated. We all just need to pay our bills on time, keep credit card balances low and take on new debt sparingly. ”

The greater transparency about FICO scores is important because American consumers’ ability to get credit rises and falls with the number. FICO, the company that pioneered credit scoring, assigns consumers a three-digit number from 300 to 850, depending on how well they handle credit. Other companies also offer scores, but FICO’s version is the most widely used by lenders in determining whether a consumer can borrow, and at what rate.

FICO’s credit score has been around for decades, but only within the past decade have consumers gradually gained access to theirs. Though the raw numbers can be purchased, how they’re figured remains a FICO secret, as closely guarded as the formula for Coca-Cola. Until Thursday, FICO revealed only broad categories of factors influencing the score, but not the number of points at stake for consumers who fail to pay as agreed. The “damage points” information, revealed in a report by personal finance writer Liz Pulliam Weston, will be made available through its myFICO.com Web site starting this weekend.

FICO’s information shows that bankruptcy does the most serious damage to a credit score (up to 240 points), followed by foreclosure (up to 160 points) while maxing out a credit card has the least numerical impact (as few as 10 points).

Those with good or excellent credit — so-called prime borrowers — put more points at risk with each mistake. For example, someone with an average credit score of 680 who pays a bill 30 days late will see a drop of 60 to 80 points. But for someone with an excellent credit score — 780 — that same delinquency can send a FICO score tumbling by 90 to 100 points.

The Cost in Dollars

In order to show just how badly a drop in your FICO score can hurt your wallet, we spoke with members of the home mortgage, auto and credit card lending industries. We presented hypothetical scenarios of a consumer who decided to apply for a $200,000, 30-year mortgage; a $20,000, five-year auto loan and a credit card. While all the industry insiders stressed that a FICO score isn’t the only factor in determining who gets credit and at what cost (other factors they cited include the borrower’s debt-to-income ratio and whether they have already established a relationship with the lender), they were able to provide an idea of what a borrower who had the following credit scores could expect.

For a Consumer Who Started With a FICO Score of 780:

Following a 30-day late payment, the consumer’s car loan rate would jump nearly 3 percent, costing the borrower $26 more each month.

Following a debt settlement, the consumer would pay as much as $109 more each month on a home mortgage.

For a Consumer Who Started With a FICO Score of 680:

Following a 30-day late payment, the consumer would pay $41 more each month for a car loan.

Following a 30-day late payment, the consumer would pay as much as $95 more each month on a home mortgage.

Following a debt settlement, the consumer would no longer qualify for a credit card.

Some Surprised By the Details

Consumer advocates say it’s important for borrowers to know what can damage their FICO scores. “If they know it in advance, they won’t go out and step in a pile of doo-doo. They won’t go out and do some of these things,” says Linda Sherry, director of national priorities with advocacy group Consumer Action. Even experts found some surprises in today’s news. “FICO imposes bigger hits than I would have thought for being maxed out or 30-days late just once, reinforcing my view that it is a cruder, blunter instrument than they like to claim. Nevertheless, it is a powerful, widely used crude blunt instrument,” says Ed Mierzwinski, consumer program director for the U.S. PIRG consumer advocacy group.

Of course, knowing the impact on a FICO score and actually avoiding these mistakes are two separate things: Amid rising unemployment and other daily financial struggles, paying bills and staying on-track financially becomes a much bigger challenge for many borrowers.

“Some of these things are out of their control,” Sherry says of consumers.

Additionally, as Weston points out, consumers with identical FICO scores can have different credit histories. That means the same slip-up — such as maxing out a credit card — could have different impacts on consumers who have the same FICO score. In the examples they provided, FICO assumed each borrower had several active major credit cards, a mortgage, car loan and student loans.

Sherry acknowledges the benefit of putting a number to a financial blunder. “I don’t think we necessarily knew the numbers that a bankruptcy could apply to a credit score,” Sherry says.

Helping You Make Better Decisions

While knowing the numbers may not keep you filing for bankruptcy if given no other choice, the information may help you make the best decision when faced with a bad situation.

FICO scores — and the access to credit they provide — are a valuable asset to consumers and supply a safety net when incomes are stretched. It’s an asset that needs to be protected, Sherry says, even if job loss or catastrophic illness makes bill paying problematic.

“In that period of time, paying down debt is the last thing on your mind. Paying the minimum payment may also be the last thing on your mind, but you’ll be doing yourself a big favor if you do,” Sherry says.

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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Credit-card countdown: Higher rates abound

Wednesday, November 11th, 2009

By Jennifer Waters, MarketWatch

CHICAGO (MarketWatch) — If you’re one of the millions of Americans holding a credit card, this isn’t necessarily news: Credit-card issuers are hiking interest rates, penalties and fees in full force ahead of stringent new laws that take effect in February.

In fact, some 400 credit cards from the nation’s 12 largest bank issuers — accounting for 90% of the $889 billion in outstanding consumer revolving credit in September — are still using most of the same tactics that the Federal Reserve has called “unfair or deceptive” and that will be outlawed in fewer than four months, according to a new report from the Pew Health Group’s Safe Credit Cards Project.

“Until the law takes effect we’re seeing that all the major credit-card issuers on the bank side are continuing to engage in these unfair and deceptive practices,” said Nick Bourke, project manager of the Safe Credit Card Project. “The numbers of unfair and deceptive practices have grown and in some cases are worse.”

Among the other findings:

99.7% of bank cards allowed issuers to boost interest rates on outstanding balances — a jump from 93% in December

95% of bank cards are applying payments first to low-rate balances, a practice the Federal Reserve has said will likely cause substantial financial injury to consumers

90% of bank cards had penalty rate hikes with the vast majority imposed by so-called “hair triggers” of one or two late payments in a year. The median bank penalty rate was 28.99%.

As of July, interest rates spiked an average of 20% across the board from December of 2008 with some issuers jacking up rates 30% and in at least one case 50% — even on their best customers.

Many — but not all — of the interest rate increases were tied to user credit scores, which have been dropping as many consumers’ credit lines have been cut or cancelled, Bourke said.

Credit-card losses mount
There’s no question that the economic malaise and the millions of people without jobs has had a damaging effect on credit companies too. Credit-card charge-offs and delinquencies this year have doubled, even tripled in some cases, and are still hovering in record territory at the nation’s largest banks with the outlook only worsening. Credit-card charge-offs retreated in September from August’s record high, but are still in double digits, according to Moody’s Investor Service.

Moody’s charge-off index, a measure of credit-card loans that aren’t expected to be repaid — slipped to 10.72 in September from August’s peak of 11.49. However, loans at least 30 days late, considered a gauge of future losses, climbed to 5.97 from 5.8. Charge-offs and delinquencies closely follow the jobless numbers: As unemployment rises so too does bad debt.

“Some of (those interest-rate and fee hikes) occurred because of the economic environment we’re in,” Bourke admitted. “But the timing is pegged at getting a lot of changes in before the bill takes effect.”

The American Bankers Association agreed that some higher rates are being pushed ahead of February, but said the embattled economy that is leaving issuers with boatloads of unpaid, unsecured debt is the real driver of such huge interest-rate increase.

“We have to take into account the losses in the credit-card space,” said Peter Garuccio, ABA spokesman.

Credit-card companies recognize the pain they are inflicting on many consumers. “We understand that customers don’t like price increases, especially in difficult economic times,” Citi said in a statement. “However, these actions are necessary given the doubling of credit card losses across the industry from customers not paying back their loans and regulatory changes that eliminate repricing for that risk.”

Moving ahead of law
The Pew study looked at rate and fee increases from January to July and doesn’t include hikes made since then as issuers press consumers before the law takes effect Feb. 22. Nor does the study take into account the initial credit-card legislation that took effect in August.

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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Credit: Know Your Limits

Thursday, November 5th, 2009

by Jessica Dickler
Monday, September 29, 2008

You may not spend much time mulling your debt-to-credit ratio, but it weighs heavily on your credit score and can determine your ability to get a loan
Consumers know all too well that going over their credit limit can mean a nasty fee, a higher interest rate and maybe even a lower credit score.

But few people are aware that merely approaching their limit can have costly consequences as well.

That’s because your debt-to-limit ratio, or “debt utilization,” is a key component of your credit score. Your debt-to-limit ratio is calculated by dividing what you’ve spent by your total credit limit.

If you have a $5,000 limit and you’ve charged $4,000 this month, your debt-to-limit ratio is 80%, which is enough to signal to lenders that you are a high risk borrower.

As a result, lenders may increase your annual percentage rate (APR) or deny you a loan - even if you pay off your credit card balance every month and have never exceeded your limit.

About 14% of Americans use at least 50% of their available credit, according to Experian’s 2007 national score index study. But, experts recommend keeping your debt-to-limit ratio under 30%, or even under 10% if possible.

That means if your limit is $5,000, then you should aim to charge less than $500 a month.

The lower your debt-to-limit ratio, the better your credit score will be. And to that end, there are two basic ways to improve your debt utilization: raise your credit limit or lower your debt.

Raise Your Limit, Lower Your Debt

Your credit card limit is listed on your monthly bill, but it can change from one billing cycle to the next. That’s because credit card issuers can raise or lower your limit as they see fit.

But even though credit card issuers generally dictate what your limit is, consumers do have a say. You can call and request that your limit be raised, as the more available credit you have, the better your debt-to-credit ratio will be.

“If you have a good credit history your credit card issuer will up your limit, but if your history isn’t great then they can say ‘No,’ which isn’t necessarily a bad thing,” according to Bill Hardekopf, CEO of LowCards.com.

“Getting turned down for a higher credit limit may be a blessing in disguise,” Hardekopf said. Chances are it’s a signal that you should reduce your spending or pay down your credit card balances instead.

When paying down debt, it’s important to consider that your debt utilization is calculated per card and cumulatively. That means that leaving one card nearly maxed out will negate all the hard work you’ve done paying down the balances on other cards.

And a higher limit isn’t always better. “If you are a spender and the temptation is there to spend more than what you can really afford, [then a higher credit card limit] can send you into the debt spiral,” Hardekopf said.

It’s also possible that potential lenders will view a sky-high credit limit as potential debt, which can count against you if you are trying to get a mortgage or a car loan.

Ultimately, “it boils down to how you handle debt. If you handle debt responsibly, then go for a higher limit,” said Greg McBride, senior financial analyst at Bankrate.com. But, consider whether “that higher credit limit is going to represent temptation to run up additional debt.”

Ideally, you want to illustrate that you can keep your spending under control, and that means “your focus should be on paying down debt, not racking up more,” McBride said.
Pitfalls to Avoid

Signing up for new cards to boost your total available credit and make your debt utilization appear lower can work against you, experts say. In fact, opening new accounts can even lower your credit score.

“Recent credit inquiries constitute 10% of your score,” McBride said. And each new inquiry means potential points subtracted from your total.

Additionally, closing unused cards is also a bad idea.

“When you close an account the amount of ‘overall’ available credit decreases, which could cause an increase in your [debt] utilization and inadvertently lower your score,” said Deanna Templeton, director of consumer education for Credit.com.

Templeton also recommends using old credit cards periodically, just to prevent your issuer from closing them because of inactivity. “Every so often charge something small like gas or dinner, and then pay it off when you get the bill,” she said.

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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Credit-card rates up before new law

Friday, October 30th, 2009

NEW YORK (AP) — Have you checked the interest rates on your credit cards lately? Odds are they’re going way up.

That’s because credit-card companies are rushing to raise rates and tack on extra fees ahead of a law slated to take effect Feb. 22 that is supposed to limit such moves in the future. In some cases, rates are doubling to as high as 30 percent or more, even for people who pay their bills on time.

The current maneuvering by the card companies is serving up another blow to American consumers who are already struggling with their finances. U.S. lawmakers let that happen by giving the card companies nine months to prepare for the rules.

“The delay allowed them to restock their arsenal with weapons,” said Lloyd Constantine, an attorney who has spent 22 years litigating cases tied to the credit-card industry and is the author of the new book “Priceless: The Case that Brought Down The Visa/Mastercard Bank Cartel.”

It’s hardly surprising that banks and other credit-card issuers would use a grace period afforded to them by Congress to their advantage.

The changes required under the Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility and Disclosure Act, or CARD Act, could go a long way to stop deceptive practices in the card industry. But before that happens, card issuers are grabbing what they can from the millions of Americans who are their customers.

Constantine is one of them. The interest rate on his Chase Visa card doubled to 17 percent earlier this month. He got a notice announcing the change and couldn’t figure out why. Constantine, who has a high net worth, rarely uses the card, and when he does he pays his bill on time.

Come late February, the CARD Act will prohibit lenders from raising rates on outstanding card balances. In other words, if you have a balance of $1,000 and the company wants to change your rate, it only applies to new purchases. It wouldn’t be retroactive on old debt.

Card issuers also won’t be able to change the terms of a contract so long as the cardholder makes a minimum payment on time.

The rules ban a practice known as “universal default.” That’s where lenders raise a cardholder’s interest rates when that person misses payments to other creditors or takes on new debt like a mortgage or a car loan.

The card companies lobbied Congress hard for the delay. They argued they needed the time to overhaul their computer systems, craft new sales’ pitches and rewrite disclosure documents to be sent to customers.

While all that may be true, the facts indicate that they are using the time for something else.

Even though interest rates set by the Federal Reserve are at historic lows — which has let banks and other issuers borrow cheaply — cards have become more costly for Americans, according to research released Wednesday from the Pew Charitable Trusts’ Safe Credit Cards Project.

The nonprofit organization found that credit-card companies boosted interest rates on new cards by an average of 20 percent from January to July. That data doesn’t include increases over the last four months when many lenders stepped up their pace of raising rates and fees.

The study reviewed nearly 400 cards offered by the largest 12 U.S. card issuers. It found nearly all contracts still allow banks to raise interest rates on outstanding balances. Card companies also have added or raised fees for things like balance transfers, cash advances and overdraft protection.

Representatives of the card business say the increases reflect the realities of the recession, not an attempt to gouge customers. The weak economy means a greater risk that all cardholders could potentially default, said Scott Talbott, senior vice president of government affairs for the Financial Services Roundtable, an industry group.

Banks and other card issuers have been seeing more late payments, and industry forecasts call for at least 10 percent of cardholders to default on their unpaid bills.

Bank of America’s annualized default rate in September was 14.25 percent on its credit cards, while payments more than 30 days past due were about 7.5 percent, according to LowCards.com. Capital One’s annualized default rate in September neared 10 percent, while 5.38 percent of cardholders were delinquent.

Now U.S. lawmakers are waking up to what they let the card companies do.

The House Financial Services Committee recently introduced legislation to move up the effective date for the credit card law from February to Dec. 1. But Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, while acknowledging that change would benefit consumers, rejected the idea. He said it would force the Fed to implement provisions of the new law without adequate public comment and could lead to “unintended consequences.”

There have been bills introduced in both the House and Senate to immediately freeze interest rates on existing balances for the estimated 700 million credit cards in circulation.

“We worked long and hard to enact the safeguards included in the Credit CARD Act,” Sen. Chris Dodd, a Democrat from Connecticut who had introduced the bill in 2004, 2005 and 2008 before successfully passing last spring, said in a statement. “But as soon as it was signed into law, credit card companies were looking for ways to get around the protections this Congress and the American people demanded.”

His spokesman declined further comment about why Congress is being so aggressive with its actions now. Too bad they couldn’t see this coming a lot earlier.

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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How To Build New Credit And Credit Repair

Tuesday, October 27th, 2009

Credit Repair:

There was a time when the credit repair industry was focused exclusively on sending dispute letters to the credit bureaus. Those days are over. There is no question that intelligent and well structured dispute letters are very effective in cleaning up erroneous derogatory information, and it is a thrill to see these bad accounts removed or corrected. But, as important as credit bureau disputes are, unless you put equal emphasis on building new positive credit you are missing the vast majority of benefit that is available from the credit repair process.

Dollars and Cents

It is no exaggeration to say that well over fifty percent of the benefit of a smart credit repair program will come from careful building and management of positive credit.The right approach to credit repair can easily mean a difference between loan approval and denial, or the difference between a low interest rate and one that will strain your budget. Over the last few years credit markets have shifted almost entirely credit score based pricing. Your credit score translates directly into dollars and cents, your dollars and cents.

Secured Credit Cards

If hard times have left you with no open accounts you should get back on your feet with two new secured credit cards. Secured cards are the perfect credit repair tool. They will require a small savings deposit, usually two or three hundred dollars. This money is used as collateral to secure the limit on the card and will be returned to you when you close the account. Because these cards are collateralized you will not be denied unless you have previous unresolved issues with the card issuer. They are easy and cheap, and for credit repair purposes, they are every bit as good as a larger unsecured card.

Authorized User Accounts

If you are interested in giving your credit repair program a little extra boost there is another credit building strategy you may consider. If you have a family member with excellent credit that would like to help your endeavor you can ask them to add you to one of their credit card accounts as an authorized user. Once they do this the account should appear on your credit report within sixty days and your credit score will inherit the full benefit of the account as if it were your own. On a cautionary note, you should not consider purchasing authorized user accounts as the software used to calculate your score has a way of blocking these brokered accounts.

Cautionary Notes

If you were choosing between secured cards and authorized user accounts, secured cards are the best long term credit repair option for the simple reason that they belong to you. Authorized user accounts come with notable risks. If your card donor runs his balance up your score will tumble due to no fault of yours. And if for any reason the account goes bad you are likely to have trouble removing yourself, as card issuers usually will refuse to make any changes to the account until it is healthy again. But, if you have the ability to include both secured cards and trusted authorized user accounts in your credit repair program, by all means do it.

Choosing the Right Type of Credit

When it comes to credit repair you should build credit with mainstream credit cards such as MasterCard and Visa. There are certain forms of credit that can harm your credit more than helping it. The credit scoring software that calculates your score has a built-in bias against consumer debt including store cards and furniture store loans. So do not assume that because you have a store card that you have the credit profile that you need. This type of credit can be convenient and may have certain benefits, but while you are in a credit repair program it should be avoided. Stick with the basics.

Managing for Credit Repair Results

Once you have your credit cards open it is crucial that you manage them properly. This is where you credit repair effort can really shine. The credit scoring model places great weight on the balances that you keep on your credit cards and the newer the card the more important the balance becomes. For the best score benefit use less than twenty percent of the total credit line on the card. If you let your balances run up to the limit your scores will fall, as much as one hundred points depending on the overall content of your credit report, so spend carefully. If you have this problem, do not worry. Just pay those cards down and your score will pop right back up. Good luck!

If you need help understanding your credit scores visit us at: www.creditbureauexperts.com

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